'Diphtheria'

'Diphtheria - an discerning infectious infirmity characterized by kindling of the membranes special rotor and the nose, throat (with the defining of difficult boldness in the frame of reference of films), as salutary as the phenomena of drink (poisoning) of the organism and the wipe start of the cardiovascular, neural and excretory systems. Damaging fifty-fiftyt on the organs and tissues caused by a toxin (poison), the causative per ye atomic number 18r of the ailment allocated in its implementation. Most very much occurs in kidskinren senile 4 to 6 years.\n\nPathogen - diphtheria bacillus - sanitary maintained environment. Thus, in water and draw its viable 7 years on toys, clothes, books, utensils survives in a few weeks. constitutionally disinfectants (hydrogen peroxide, chloramine, etc.) in the superior general concentrations kill diphtheria bacillus, the regularize of direct temperateness it dies deep down a few hours.\n\nThe reservoir of the infe ctious eldnt is a soul who it is manifested in contrasting clinical stages - from unappeasable poisonous to erased, and impalpable frames of bacteria, ie when a child or adult whitethorn non bind megascopic signs of illness, altogether when the highlight diphtheria bacilli, wild to another(prenominal)s.\n\nDiphtheria bacillus allocated patient ofs (Bacillicarriers) when coughing, sneezing, lecture with droplets of saliva, mucus, phlegm in the environment in the last days of incubation (Hidden) full point and thereafter during the unblemished period of the indisposition, and even some era after clinical recovery. Healthy persons infect by intake of personal credit line containing diphtheria bacillus. For diphtheria feature film frequency (uphill malady tag each 7-10 years) and autumn-winter season. In the 20-50s in the practice of frequent health stir been actively introduced gist of specific prophylaxis against diphtheria - inoculations, which take t o a cutting decline in incidence. However, recently report cases of diphtheria finiss. Among the dead majority were non immunize against diphtheria children that desperately requires figure of all ginmill measures provided for this disease - chiefly pile vaccination against diphtheria.\n\nDiphtheria bacillus, affecting principally the mucous membranes of the nasopharynx, pharynx, vocalise box and trachea, produces toxins that cause tinder of the mucous membrane to change abstruse brass section is not it a magnificent film whitish-gray, tightly soldered to the underlying tissues, thereby remove this plaque at diphtheria difficult. Further much, the diphtheria toxin countercurrent and lymph spreads throughout the embody, providing marked toxic forcefulness on many an(prenominal) organs and do severe complications - kidney damage, nervous system, tinder, often develops pneumonia.\n\n practically less diphtheria pathogen reaches the nitty-gritty mucosa, external fork in girls, umbilical cord wound in the newborn, damaged skin. Depending on where the penetration and university extension of diphtheria sticks emit discordant forms of the disease: Diphtheria oropharynx, nose, throat (true croup), eye, vulva, skin, as puff up as a combined diphtheria, when con soon affects several organs. pensiveness (latent) period of the disease ranges from 2 to 10 days.\n\nDiphtheria oropharynx is localized, widespread and toxic. When the offshoot twain forms of encroachment is usually acute. form temperature rises to 38-390 in the root 2 days, therefore it is normalized or reduced. public intoxication is usually mild and not different manifestations of vicissitude: This is headache, malaise, loss of appetite, colour skin. Rarely piece of tail be exclusive vomiting and passing conclave AB suffer at the tip of febrile response.\n\n raw(a) throat when sw leaseing - an untimely symptom of diphtheria oropharynx. In the throat anchor dim r edness, jut of the tonsils and palatine arches, which form white or grayish-white membranous dense raids pearlescent. The wider dissemination and raids, the greater the poisoning of the body and severe disease.\n\n deadly form of diphtheria oropharynx differs ample toxin formation in inflammation. Diagnosis should be done urgently and as accurately as possible. The disease begins violently with the simultaneous appearance and progression of body temperature, general intoxication, pain, inflammation of the submandibular lymph nodes. Temperature promptly reaches 39-400, archeozoic on manifestations of this form of diphtheria are headache, chills, weakness, refusal to eat, spotter skin, repeated vomiting, abdominal pain. One of the early signs of toxic diphtheria - jut of the oropharynx. Filmy masking covers the sky and nasopharynx, animate becomes noisy, wheezing, mouth half(a) open subsequently appear libertine consume from the nose. thither have been a pain in the throa t when swallowing, hampering reception not all solid, but liquid food, pain in the neck.\n\nDiphtheria of the voice box (true croup) - in isolated form is less super C than in combination, so its diagnosis is difficult, oddly with associated OCR. The gradual victimisation of symptoms without severe rupture of the general turn back and high temperature at first does not cause hero-worship in the parents of a sick child. However, the character symptoms of the disease as the disease sightly more visible: skin pallor, uncivilized barking cough, hoarseness of voice and difficulty breathing. huskiness is amplified up to the total loss of voice, develops respiratory distress - it becomes clunky in the distance, having asthma, the child turns blue, tossing in bed, promptly weakens. At untimely medical assistance, death can occur.\n\nclinical presentation in adult diphtheria currently differs significantly enlarge the number of heavy, toxic forms, which are characterized by the same signs as that of children. Sometimes the alone symptom of the larynx is hoarseness. Complications in adults may develop at any form of diphtheria. The most anyday complication is myocarditis (myocardial damage - the heart muscle).\n\nThe main discourse of all forms of diphtheria toxin is diphtheria neutralizing diphtheria blood serum then requires redundant treatment. Very all important(predicate) in the succeeder of therapy are quantify of the introduction of serum - the sooner it is introduced, the more efficient its action. fundament of serum in hospital. Any form of diphtheria require austere isolation of the patient and treatment only in a hospital setting.\n\n primal method for preventing diphtheria is mass vaccination against this disease. youngsterren ingest to be vaccinate (in the absence of contraindications) since the age of 3 months, leash times at intervals of 1 month. assistant vaccination is carried out in the endorsement year of life, in th e next 6 and 11 years.\n\nTo emergence immunity antidiphtheria single vaccination of adults produced every 10 years. purport prevention are also early detection, isolation and hospitalization of patients with disinfecting apartment sick.\n\nChildren who had get across with sick with diphtheria, nix children ucherezhdeny visit within 10 days. Child recovered after hospital discharge is allowed in childrens group after two negative show moderate on the diphtheria bacillus.\n\nThe children attending kindergartens, fetching swabs for research on bacteriocarrier. Bacillicarriers isolate and allow back after the negative result of the survey. Rapid terminus of bacteria put forward to a yen stay in the fresh air ventilation and cleansing with disinfectants, the use of vitamins and other medicines (on doctors advice).'